胃肠道间质瘤 (GIST) 手术
陈俊海医生
上消化道专科医生，双院士培训外科医生
MBBS （墨尔本），医学硕士（外科），FRCS（爱丁堡），FAMS（普通外科）
目录
导言
What are gastrointestinal stromal tumours?
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are a type of cancer that can form anywhere along the digestive tract, usually the stomach or small intestine.
GISTs are thought to be the growth of cells that form from a special type of nerve cells. These cells are present in the walls of the digestive organs.
Treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumours
When the tumours are large or involve other organs, targeted treatments may be prescribed to shrink the tumours prior to surgery. For GISTs that are smaller than 2cm and present no symptoms, your doctor may put you under monitoring to look out for changes.
Genetic Risk Factors
Possible genetic risk factors of GIST that have been identified by researchers include:
- Primary familial GIST syndrome – Caused by an abnormal KIT gene passed from parent to child.
- Neurofibromatosis type 1 (or von Recklinghausen disease) – Caused by a defect in the NF1 gene, which may have been inherited from a parent. In some cases, the change occurs before birth and not inherently.
- Carney-Stratakis syndrome – Caused by a change in one of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) genes passed from parent to child. People with this rarely inherited syndrome have an increased risk of GISTs as well as nerve tumours known as paragangliomas. GISTs may develop when these people are in their 20s (or younger). There is also an increased chance of having more than 1 GIST.
Other risk factors may include tobacco use, excess weight and poor nutrition, although they are not standalone risk factors of GIST. Statistics also show that people who refrain from smoking, maintain a healthy weight and sustain a balanced diet have a lower overall cancer risk.
Symptoms of GIST
Most cases of GIST present no symptoms and are discovered through diagnostic procedures such as an endoscopy or CT scan. When they do, symptoms of GIST include:
- Gastrointestinal bleeding
- Abdominal pain or discomfort
- A mass or swelling in the abdomen
- Symptoms of anaemia such as fatigue, dizziness and shortness of breath upon exertion
GIST Risk Factors
At present, very few GIST risk factors are known. Among them are advanced age. While GIST has been diagnosed in people of all ages, the condition is rare in people younger than 40 and more common in those ages 50 and above.
In rare cases, GISTs have been found in members of the same family who have inherited a gene mutation that can lead to GISTs.
Experiencing digestive disorders or possible symptoms of GIST? Make an appointment to consult our specialist today.
如在门诊时间外遇到紧急情况，请前往 格伦伊格尔斯急诊中心（UCC） 并请转告陈春海博士。.
诊断
How are gastrointestinal stromal tumours diagnosed?
1. Endoscopy
一个 内窥镜检查 is usually the primary method to diagnose patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Your doctor will insert a thin flexible tube (an endoscope) into your digestive tract to look for abnormalities. Built into the endoscope is a camera and tools to obtain tissue samples, which will then be sent for a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancers or other health conditions.
2. Endoscopic Ultrasound
An endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) can be used to find the location and size of a GIST and find out how deeply the GIST has grown into the walls of the digestive tract and other organs. It can also be used to guide and enable a precise and deeper biopsy of the tumour.
3. CT Scan
A CT scan is an imaging procedure to investigate swelling within the abdomen, find the location and size of a tumour, as well as to see if the disease has spread to other parts of the body.
20 多年的临床经验
陈俊海医生
上消化道、减肥和普通外科医生
内窥镜与微创外科专家
陈春海博士是 受过双重培训的专家 在腹腔镜（锁孔）手术中 胃癌手术 和 减肥与代谢外科. .他精通微创外科技术，可治疗的疾病包括 胆结石, 盲肠炎, 胃食管反流病, 以及胃癌和食道癌等上消化道癌症。.
除外科手术外，陈医生还擅长进行以下手术 内窥镜检查 和管理各种消化系统疾病。这些疾病包括腹痛、腹胀、胃灼热和吞咽困难。.
在适当的情况下，陈医生会在确诊后几小时内提供当天治疗。谭医生赞同 微创疗法, 从而减少术后疼痛，缩短住院时间。.
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