Specialist Treatment and Surgery for Oesophageal Cancer
陈俊海医生
上消化道专科医生，双院士培训外科医生
MBBS （墨尔本），医学硕士（外科），FRCS（爱丁堡），FAMS（普通外科）
目录
导言
What is oesophageal cancer?
The oesophagus, also known as the gullet, is a hollow tube that extends from the throat to the stomach, serving the primary function of transporting food.
Oesophageal cancer occurs when malignant tumours form anywhere in the lining of the oesophagus. As the cancer progresses, it can spread outwards and affect the deep tissues and muscles of the oesophagus.
Delayed treatment may lead oesophageal cancer to become a terminal illness.
The 2 common types of oesophageal cancer are:
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Oesophageal cancer risk factors
Several factors can increase the risk of developing oesophageal cancer, including:
- Chronic Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Persistent acid reflux can lead to Barrett’s oesophagus, a condition that heightens the risk of oesophageal cancer.
- Smoking and Alcohol Consumption: The combined use of these habits increases the risk of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
- Diet and Obesity: Diets low in fruits and vegetables and high in processed meats, along with obesity.
- Achalasia and HPV: Certain medical conditions like achalasia and infections such as HPV are also linked to higher risks.
Recognise the symptoms of oesophageal cancer
Early detection is crucial for successful treatment. Be aware of the following symptoms and consult a healthcare provider if you experience:
- 吞咽困难（吞咽障碍）
- Unintentional and unexplained weight loss
- Persistent chest pain or discomfort
- Chronic cough or hoarseness
- Frequent heartburn or indigestion
How is oesophageal cancer diagnosed?
The methods for diagnosing oesophageal cancer include:
- Endoscopy/oesophagoscopy
This procedure involves inserting a flexible tube with a camera (endoscope) down the throat. This allows the doctor to visually examine the lining of the oesophagus for abnormalities and signs of irritation. - Barium swallow
In this X-ray imaging test, the patient swallows a barium solution, which coats the lining of the oesophagus. This makes it easier for the doctor to see the oesophagus on X-ray images and identify any issues. - Biopsy
During an endoscopy, the doctor can take a tissue sample from any suspicious areas. This sample is then sent to a laboratory for testing to determine if cancer cells are present. - Imaging tests
CT scans, PET scans, and MRIs are used to check if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. These imaging techniques provide detailed pictures to help with staging and treatment planning.
Suspect symptoms or higher risk of oesophageal cancer? Consult our specialist for further evaluation today.
Treatment for oesophageal cancer
Surgery
Surgery is one of the primary treatment options for oesophageal cancer and includes the following procedures:
- Endoscopic Surgery: For early-stage cancers, an endoscopic resection can be performed. This minimally invasive procedure removes superficial tumours along with a small margin of surrounding healthy tissue.
- Oesophagectomy: This surgery involves removing the portion of the oesophagus that contains the tumour along with nearby lymph nodes. The remaining oesophagus is then reconnected to the stomach.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy uses drugs to rid off cancer cells and shrink tumours. It can be administered alone or in combination with radiation therapy, either before or after surgery. For patients not suitable for surgery, chemotherapy is the primary treatment option. The drugs are delivered intravenously or orally, allowing them to circulate throughout the body. Multiple sessions are usually required.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams to destroy cancer cells. It can be delivered externally (external beam radiation) or internally (brachytherapy). Radiation therapy is often combined with chemotherapy and can be used before or after surgery. It is also used to relieve symptoms in advanced stages, such as when a tumour obstructs food passage.
摘要
Effective treatment for oesophagal cancer involves a multidisciplinary approach tailored to each patient’s specific situation. Early detection and a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy may significantly improve outcomes and quality of life for patients.
For more information or to discuss your treatment options, contact us today.
20 多年的临床经验
陈俊海医生
上消化道、减肥和普通外科医生
内窥镜与微创外科专家
陈春海博士是 受过双重培训的专家 在腹腔镜（锁孔）手术中 胃癌手术 和 减肥与代谢外科. .他精通微创外科技术，可治疗的疾病包括 胆结石, 盲肠炎, 胃食管反流病, 以及胃癌和食道癌等上消化道癌症。.
除外科手术外，陈医生还擅长进行以下手术 内窥镜检查 和管理各种消化系统疾病。这些疾病包括腹痛、腹胀、胃灼热和吞咽困难。.
在适当的情况下，陈医生会在确诊后几小时内提供当天治疗。谭医生赞同 微创疗法, 从而减少术后疼痛，缩短住院时间。.
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